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If such services are required, the assistance of an appropriate professional should be sought. An Overview 1 1. Text 39 2. Image 55 3. Graphics 4. Audio 5. Video 6. Animation 7. Compression 8. Multimedia Architecture Multimedia Database Multimedia Documents Multimedia Application Development Virtual Reality From the earliest times, humans have attempted to communicate their ideas through various means like gestures, sounds, paintings, writings, etc.
The multiple sense organs of humans also enable them to comprehend and support such kind of multi-modal communications. In the real world, non-textual form of communication, like cave paintings, were used much before the written form originated. In the computing world, however, the trend has been just the reverse; text was the predominant form of communication over most of the earlier part of computing history. Dealing with text through computers was much easier than dealing with non-textual media like pictures or sound.
In recent times, many technical barriers have been overcome and practical problems have been solved. Principles of Multimedia gives an insight into these solutions and highlights the landmarks achieved, a theoretical treatise of humankind!
This book combines the foundational concepts with practical exercises to provide a well-grounded approach to networking in business today. Key management and technical issues are highlighted and discussed in the context of real-world applications, and hands-on exercises reinforce critical concepts while providing insight into day-to-day operations.
Detailed technical descriptions reveal the tradeoffs not presented in product summaries, building the analytical capacity needed to understand, evaluate, and compare current and future technologies.
Data Communications 2 Network Mechanisms. Data Communication and Computer Network: Easy to Learn and Simple to Develop is ideal for self-study, as it covers all essential topics in depth and is easy to understand. The author's unique approach thoroughly illustrates the theoretical and practical aspects of data communication and the computer network, and the technologies and the tools that academic and network managers simply must know.
This textbook is perfect for students pursuing their B. Computer Science , or BCA degrees. It presupposes no prior experience with data communication and computer network on the part of the reader and serves as a comprehensive introduction to data communication and computer network concepts and network application development. Primarily intended as a text for undergraduate courses in Electronics and Communications Engineering, Computer Science, IT courses, and Computer Applications, this up-to-date and accessible text gives an indepth analysis of data communications and computer networks in an easy-to-read style.
The rapid strides made during the last decade in the fields of data communication and networking, and the close link between these two subjects have prompted the author to add several chapters on computer networks in this text.
The book gives a masterly analysis of topics ranging from the principles of data transmission to computer networking applications. It also provides standard protocols, thereby enabling to bridge the gap between theory and practice. Besides students, the practicing professionals would find the book to be a valuable resource. The book, in its second edition introduces a full chapter on Quality of Service, highlighting the meaning, parameters and functions required for quality of service.
Data Communication and Networking, International Edition provides a solid, thorough overview of data communications and networking for Engineering Technology programs. This text covers information for one or more courses spanning digital communication systems, computer communication and networks, and data communications. It is specifically written and designed for engineering and engineering technology learners by using a systematic and visual approach with abundant tables, illustrations, and practical examples making it easy for students to comprehend concepts.
Content begins with data communication, signal conversion and issues in data transmission. Each chapter includes an introduction, summary of key information, as well as practice questions and problems with answers.
The integration of applications and laboratory experiments are found throughout the text, making Data Communication and Networking, First Edition a one-of-a-kind and practical text. The protocols and standards for networking are numerous and complex. Multivendor internetworking, crucial to present day users, requires a grasp of these protocols and standards. This systematic work answers a vast array of questions about overall network architecture, design, protocols, and deployment issues.
It offers a practical, thorough treatment of the applied concepts of data and computer communication systems, including signaling basics, transmission of digital signals, and layered architecture. The book features in-depth discussions of integrated digital networks, integrated services digital networks, and high-speed networks, including currently evolving technologies, such as ATM switching, and their applications in multimedia technology.
It also presents the state-of-the-art in Internet technology, its services, and implementations. The capacity to archive these presentations makes them available at times convenient for students for review, or for the first time if they miss a live presentation.
The current advantages and disadvantages of multimedia online are multimedia allows people to communicate more effectively online.
I believe that with technology like 3-D modelling and virtual reality, people from different places will be able to work in groups to construct projects over the Internet. I also see multimedia as a shape of self-expression: it enables the creator to add personality to a website or course. Multimedia, whether in the form of video, animation or a scanned picture can demonstrate concepts or ideas that can cannot be communicated easily in any other way.
The future of multimedia online is at present, video is rather primitive, but in the future users will be able to interact visually with people from all over the world.
I don't see multimedia replacing human contact; rather, it will supplement it by allowing individuals to interact in ways and places that would otherwise be impossible. Its dimensions and capabilities will evolve and expand at the same time as the potential to author becomes more widely accessible.
The potential for students of all ages to author as part of a creative educational program that is based on achievement of goals and competencies rather than time served will assist educators to shift from teacher to facilitator and mentor. Interactive communication tools will transform our capability to embrace an educational paradigm that deals with learning as a vital, fulfilling, and continuing part of life at home and in the workplace as well as within educational institutions.
How is multimedia useful in daily life? Can you imagine a life without multimedia? Flow chart: A graphical representation of a computer program arranged in sequence Non-linear Editing: A multimedia project can be cut, altered and arranged in any order.
Proofread: One of the areas of editing in which every word is checked for grammar, spelling, punctuation, consistency of formatting, etc. Storyboard: Drawings in a sequence with directions and dialogues already planned for a short film, etc.
What is multimedia? What are different types of multimedia? Explain the process and importance of planning in the production of multimedia project. Write down the applications of multimedia. What is multimedia on a computer system? Explain in detail various steps involved in the process of production. What is a multimedia designer? Explain in brief. Why is team spirit essential for people working in a team?
What is the first stage of a multimedia project? Answers: Self Assessment 1. Brooks, Jr. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
Andleigh and K. Multimedia System Design. Steve Rimmer Advanced Multimedia Programming. Tay Vaughan. Multimedia Making it work.
Seventh Edition. It consists of characters, punctuation symbols, etc. We read text in newspapers, magazines, pamphlets, billboards, books, websites, etc. It is also an integral part of songs, movies, TV, radio, advertisements, video games, presentations, etc. Text in multimedia is combined with various other kinds of media such as audio, video, graphics, pictures, animation, etc. Text is one of the most imperative components of multimedia and an essential source of presenting information to a wide range of people.
Proper use of text, keeping in mind elements such as font style, size and various design tools help the content creator to communicate the idea and message to the user.
Text is also the most widely used and flexible means of communicating information and ideas on an electronic media. Billboards are used in a public place where a large number of people can see it.
To make sure everybody can see the billboard, a clear, large font style and size is used. It is also important to use text in concise manner so that the billboard does not look text heavy and can be easily and quickly read by people.
A multimedia developer can also customise fonts according to his wants and design. There are various software available in the market that help in creating a variety of typefaces. The involvement of text in hypermedia and hypertext on internet allows the users to red information, listen to music, play games, shop online.
Hypertext use hyperlinks to present text and graphics whereas interactive multimedia is called hypermedia. In this unit, you will learn about linear and nonlinear media, nodes, links and navigation, information structure and design process. Most computer users are familiar with word processing and know the processes of entering and editing text and working with fonts and font sizes.
A typeface is a family of many characters often with many type sizes and styles. On the other hand, a font is a collection of character or glyphs of a single size and style belonging to a particular typeface family. They are Notes classified on the basis of spacing between characters, words, presence or absence of serifs, their shape, stretch and weight such as bold or italics.
Underlining, outlining and strikeout of characters may also be added in the text. Figure 2. This happens because the height of two different fonts in both upper and lower case may differ. They can be classified into three categories — serif, sans serif and decorative. The serif is the little decoration at the end of a letter stroke. Arial, Avant Garde, Verdana are some examples of sans serif font. This is a serif font. In this font, a line or curve extension from the end of a letter.
Serif fonts are best used for body text. Avant Garde Interactive multimedia is called hypermedia. This is a sans serif font. There are no extensions in this font. Sans Serif fonts are best used for titles. Matura MT Script Interactive multimedia is called hypermedia. This is a decorative font. These fonts are stylish and formal and are best used for emphasis. The spacing between character pairs is called kerning and the space between lines is called leading.
Text fonts are used for lengthy text passages, so they have to be simple and readable. Serif fonts are usually used for this purpose. On the other hand, display fonts are used for headlines and slogans. These fonts should be eye-catching and are not used for common purpose. Notes Display font designed for multimedia may not look good on print whereas text fonts designed for print may not look good on a computer screen.
When the folder opens, select the fonts you want to install from an alternate folder and copy and paste them into the fonts folder. Caution If there are too many fonts on the computer, or an older operating system, the above mentioned methods would not work. A computer user have to get a program like Adobe Type Manager, and use it to add fonts to the system.
Usage of Fonts After the installation of the font, you have to change the font of the present text in any text editing program. A user can also use the installed font in HTML documents but the document can be viewed by only those users who have the same font installed on their computers. Always remember the name of the font and keep in mind that the name of the font is not the same as the file name of the. If a user does not remember the font name then he can find it by going through the font list or by visiting the.
Example: San serif fonts are easier to read than serif fonts. Play with the style and size to match up to the purpose and importance of the text. For instance, use large font size for headings. The concept of using many fonts in a single page is called ransom-note topography. However, the text should be kept minimum to avoid overcrowding unless the application contains a lot of reference material. Less text can be read easily and quickly unlike longer text passages which can be time consuming and tiring.
A lot of information in a multimedia presentation is not ideally the best way to transfer information to a wide range of audience. Combining other elements such as pictures, graphics, diagrams, etc. From design point of view, text should fill less than half the screen. Text Layout While creating a multimedia presentation, the presenter should plan the text layout to let a reader read it with ease.
One of the first things to be keep in mind is the length of the text. It should neither too long nor too short. A line having more than 17 words should be too long to fit on a screen and would Notes be difficult to follow. On the other hand, a very short line would not look good on screen.
Therefore, for better presentation a line of around 8 to 15 words should be used. The next point of concern is the consistency of pages.
The designer has to make sure that the pages should be of same size. Moreover, every page should be designed in an eye-catching way. Ensure that the leading is not too small as then the text will be hard to read. Using a background colour too close to the text or a background image highly in contrast to the text which makes the text difficult to read.
It is far better than the use of meaningless graphics and images which do not contribute in understanding of the page. Website Loading Speed Website loading speed is one of the important factors that influences conversion as visitors stars to leave the page if it takes more than eight seconds to load. Another important things is how easily visitors find what they are looking for which depends upon both eye catching images and informative text.
However, informative text draws much more visitors than graphics and images. This is why text should be the primary concern of the website than graphic elements. Informative text can also boost search engine traffic and conversions to a great deal.
The text is shown over either plain background or coloured background. Typography look different in different formats such as a in film subtitles, on websites, poster, essay, etc.
Some fonts that work well on a website while some work well in print. Example: Fonts such as Georgia, Verdana and Tahoma are great for use in a website as they are designed to work well in static design environments where the background does not change.
Tiresias, Univers 45 and Antique Olive. These three fonts work well as subtitles over dynamic content and are great way of communicating with the audience. While designing subtitles, a film maker will need to keep in mind that moving images interact with the top layer subtitles. Example: If subtitles are white and rest on top of a similar white tone in the image, the text will be difficult and impossible to read.
To ensure this does not happen, a black outline around text should be used. Now the text will be viewable even against common black and white backgrounds. On the other hand, some filmmakers use a yellow font with black outline for their subtitles. Black outline increases the readability of the text. Film makers may also experiment with fonts for subtitles and can use Sans Sheriff fonts as they are much more readable than other fonts. Multimedia content becomes a natural information carrier for advertising in a way similar to radio wave to carry bits in digital communications.
More and more business models are rolled out to freely distribute multimedia contents and recoup the revenue from the multimedia advertisements it carries. With the increasing importance of online multimedia advertising, researchers from multimedia community have made significant progresses along this direction.
Local business, such as a restaurant or bookstore, coffee shop, boutique or convenience store- owners use text advertising. Similarly, event planners and party organizers publicize their events by indulging in text advertising. Some ads may have subheads and other title elements as well. Buy a font or download a free font from the Internet that matches the style of your advertisement. Make sure the font is big enough to read.
Design certain words to stand out from the text in order to create a lasting impression. Try using a creative and exciting font for a day care business, instead of a bold and serious font, such as times new roman. Using too many fonts will create clutter in your advertisement. Try to avoid fancy fonts because they are hard to read. Never use all capital letters in a block of body text because the reader will not be able to read your message. Use sans serif fonts for titles or headlines.
Use serif fonts in large block of text because they are easier to read. Serifs are fonts that contain small lines at the ends of the letters, which makes them appear more detailed. Sans serif fonts are without serifs. Body copy in print ads tend Notes to use an point font size.
Design headlines in a larger font size and allow for space between text blocks to create unity. As a rule of thumb any text that takes up more than three full-length lines is likely to require higher than the minimum standards for both size and duration of hold. Avoid using ornate, heavily serifed, italic typefaces as they offer poor readability.
The visible space between words should be greater than the visible space between letters and the visible space between lines should be greater than the visible space between words. For this reason fully justified and proportional text should not be used. There are two kinds of complexity, that of the offer itself and the way the offer is presented.
The two elements are closely related but these guidelines are targeted primarily at the second, the communication of the message. Notes Use black and yellow for a billboard advertisement to make it easy to read.
Know how to use professional design programs such as Adobe Creative Suite. Thus, text ads will help in making your business a successful venture. Font editors differ greatly depending on if they are designed to edit bitmap fonts or outline fonts. Most modern font editors deal with the outline fonts. Special font editing tools can be used to make your own type, so you can communicate an idea or graphic feeling exactly. With these tools, professional typographers create distinct text and displays faces.
With this program, a user can create 3D graphics, animations for videos. It includes new modelling tools, animations plugs-in, and new features for animation and video. Self Assessment State whether the following statements are true or false: 1. Fontographer save the previous original characters in the PostScript font. Antique Olive is a font that is suitable for print. Font editing tool is used to create a special symbol and use it in the whole text.
Verdana is not an example of serif font. Cool 3D allows a user to edit and expand the font of small caps, oblique, subscript or superscript characters. Tiresias and Univers 45 are widely used for subtitles in films and documentaries. A serif is a family of graphic characters that usually includes many type sizes and styles. Fontographer allows the creation of multiple font designs from two existing typefaces. The spacing between character pairs is called leading. Multimedia information spaces are arranged sequentially, with only one path through the information provided.
Example: Educational television tends to be the prime example of multimedia information. Hypertext is different from normal text in that it is nonlinear.
The reader need not read a document from beginning to end, but can jump around within the document by clicking on hot spots or hyperlinks in the text. Example: Hypertext systems include web pages and Windows help pages. On the other hand, hypermedia involves more than simply hyperlinked text. It also incorporates images, sounds, and video into the document.
This allows for a more graphical interface to information. Most web pages should be considered hypermedia instead of simply hypertext. The function of hypertext is to build links and generate an index of words.
Hypertext systems are very useful in multimedia interactive education courseware. Hypertext systems provide both unidirectional and bi-directional navigation.
Navigations can be through buttons or through simple, plain text. The simple and easy navigation is through linear hypertext where information is organized in linear fashion. Nonlinear hypertext, however, is the ultimate goal of effective navigation. Individual chunks of information are usually referred to as documents or nodes, and the connections between them as links or hyperlinks the so-called node-link hypermedia model.
The entire set of nodes and links forms a graph network. A distinct set of nodes and links which constitutes a logical entity or work is called a hyperdocument — a distinct subset of hyperlinks is often called a hyperweb. A source anchor is the starting point of a hyperlink and specifies the part of a document from which an outgoing link can be activated. Typically, the user is given visual cues as to where source anchors are located in a document for example, a highlighted phrase in a text document.
A destination anchor is the endpoint of a hyperlink and determines what part of a document should be on view upon arrival at that node for example, a text might be scrolled to a specific paragraph. Often, an entire document is specified as the destination and viewing commences at some default location within the document for example, the start of a text. Referential links are the cross-references distinctive of hypermedia. Organizational links are special links which establish explicit structure by connecting a parent node with its children, forming a tree within the overall node-link graph.
Links are connections between conceptual elements and are known as navigation pathways and menus. The page is not the essential unit of content in websites built with Flash an animation technology from Macromedia and in many non-web hypertext systems.
Hence, the term node is used as the fundamental unit of hypertext content. Links are the pathways between nodes. When a user clicks links a succession of web pages appear and it seems that a user is navigating the website.
For a user, exploring a website is much like finding the way through a complex physical environment such as a city. The user chooses the most promising route and if get lost, he may backtrack to familiar territory or even return to home page to start over. A limitation of the navigation is that it does not correspond to the full range of user behaviour. Majority of users click the most promising links they see which has forced the web designers to create links that would attract users.
There are familiar arrangements of nodes and links that guide designers as they work. They are called information structures. Hierarchy, web-like and multi-path are three of the most important of these structures.
Hierarchical Structure The hierarchy is the most important structure because it is the basis of almost all websites and most other hypertexts. Hierarchies are orderly so users can grasp them and yet they provide plenty of navigational freedom. Users start at the home page, descend the branch that most interests them, and make further choices as the branch divides. At each level, the information on the nodes becomes more specific. Notice that branches may also converge.
Notes There is almost always a link from every node back to the home page the top of the hierarchy and other kinds of upward links. When designing larger hypertexts, website designers must choose between making the hierarchy broader putting more nodes on each level or deeper adding more levels.
One well-established design principle is that users more easily navigate a wide hierarchy in which nodes have as many as 32 links to their child nodes than a deep hierarchy. They are often divided into hierarchical divisions like parts, chapters, sections and subsections. These divisions create a logical hierarchy that the user encounters while reading linearly. Cross references in print invite the reader to jump from one part of the document to another and so are analogous to links in hypertext.
There are no specific designs to follow but web designers must take care in deciding which links will be most helpful to users. Many structures turn into a hierarchical structure and cause trouble to users in navigating them. This is why few web-like websites and non-web hypertexts are made. Many web-like hypertexts are short stories and other works of fiction, in which artistic considerations may override the desire for efficient navigation.
This is called multi-path structure. Users find multi-path structures within hierarchical websites. Every page has optional digressions, which allows the user to discover events of that decade. Task Create a multi-path structure for a hypertext. Monitors may give way to near-eye displays, at least for mobile computing. Virtual reality may become more widespread and may be routinely incorporated into the web. For instance, websites may provide much improved site maps consisting of a 3D view of the site structure, maybe using the metaphor of galaxies and solar systems.
The web may well become more intelligent and capable of generating personalized links that really match users interest. The web may also become more social as users click links that open up live audio or video sessions with another user.
As communications medium changes, theory must keep pace. Or else it becomes increasingly difficult to understand the medium and design successfully for it. Self Assessment Choose the correct option to answer the following: The little decoration at the end of a letter stroke is a Web pages are coded using Hypertext systems are not used for Which of following is the simplest ways to navigate hypermedia structures? The purpose of the kiosk was to provide users with information about unemployment benefits, and job and training opportunities.
It was specifically aimed at the unemployed, and made no assumptions about the users' having knowledge of computers or technology in general. The company had no experience of usability and a limited budget, but felt that usability issues were important and hired the services of a usability consultancy. Usability testing and evaluation was carried out during the development of the kiosk, with the intention of identifying any significant design problems and providing timely and concise input into the development process.
The user survey and profiling provided important preliminary information about the users that was useful at the design stage. For example, it confirmed that the target audience would be capable of interacting with a computer system that had basic text information, and it provided information about features that the target audience would see as important if they were going to use the system instead of queuing to talk to an information officer.
The walkthrough evaluation consisted of an expert evaluation and a user walkthrough with a usability expert. Several difficulties were identified and, as a result, the design team realized the danger of assuming the users' level of domain knowledge, and recognized the need for screen layout consistency, the simplification of user tasks, and giving the users a model of the system structure e.
The first usability test was carried out in the consultant's usability testing lab and the participants competed a predefined set of task scenarios that reflected the intended usage of the system. The results of the test provided a focus for future design efforts, by identifying the characteristics of the system that the users felt were most important; and provided a baseline against which the quality of the kiosk could be assessed. The design team was able to improve the quality of the application from the detailed design recommendations that were made and broke down the complex procedural tasks into simple units of work with immediate access to support information.
The system was redesigned on the basis of the results of the first usability test. The tasks in the second usability test were identical to those of the first test. This showed that the redesign of the user interface had significantly improved the usability of the system, supporting the positive contribution that can be made by usability testing as part of an iterative design process.
The third usability test was conducted in the Department of Social Welfare. The participants performed identical tasks, but half of them used the system with the aid of an online user assistant agent.
The results of the tests clearly showed the benefits of the online assistant Contd The improved attitude towards the system, and the respondents' ability to use the system without direct help provided reassurance to the development team that, with minor redesigns, the system was ready for User Trials.
User Trials confirmed that the general public perceived the kiosk as a useful method of distributing Social Welfare, job search and training services. It provided background information for how the system might be used in a public location. In conclusion, the usability consultants' involvement throughout the development process helped influence the design as problems were identified and fixed at an early stage.
Each test showed an improvement in the efficiency of the system, so the usability testing made a positive contribution to the quality of the product. Questions: 1. Critically analyse multimedia kiosks in general. Have you ever worked on multimedia kiosk?
What was your experience like? Glyph: A graphic representation of a character's shape where a character may be represented by many glyphs. Hyperdocument: A distinct set of nodes and links which constitutes a logical work. Hyperlink: A link from a hypertext document to another location, activated by clicking on a highlighted word or image.
Hyperweb: A distinct subset of hyperlinks. Typeface: A family of many characters often with many type sizes and styles. List out the differences between serif and sans-serif fonts and give examples of each. Discuss differences among multimedia, hypermedia, interactive media and hypertext. Explain font and typeface with examples. What do you understand by font editing and design tools? Explain the terms given below: a Node b Anchor c Links 6. Write in brief about software that are used for editing and creating fonts.
What things should be keep in mind while choosing a text font for a multimedia project? Explain information structure in brief. False 2. False 3. True 4. True 5. False 6. True 7. False 8. True 9. False True Many multimedia developers take advantage of this sense by incorporating sound into their multimedia products.
Sound enhances a multimedia application by supplementing presentations, images, animation, and video. In the past, only those who could afford expensive sound recording equipment and facilities could produce high-quality, digital sound. Today, computers and synthesizers make it possible for the average person to produce comparable sound and music.
Sound is the terminology used in the analogue form, and the digitized form of sound is called as audio. A sound is a waveform. It is produced when waves of varying pressure travel though a medium, usually air. It is inherently an analogous phenomenon, meaning that the changes in air pressure can vary continuously over a range of values.
However, in order to hear more sophisticated sounds music and speeches , a user will need a sound card and either speakers or headphones. It enables a computer to play and record sounds. Double-click on the icon to view your sound card information. To adjust the volume, double-click on the speaker icon and slide the Balance bar either up louder or down quieter.
Some laptops also have an external volume control knob. Default Beep and click the play arrow next to the name. The analogue format must be converted to a digital format for storage in a computer. This process is called digitizing. The method used for digitizing sound is called sampling. Digital audio represents a sound stored in thousands of numbers or samples. The quality of a digital recording depends upon how often the samples are taken.
It is not device dependent and should sound the same each time it is played. It is used for music CDs. The sampling rate determines the frequency at which samples will be drawn for the recording. The number of times the analogue sound is sampled during each period and transformed into digital information is called sampling rate. The most common sampling rates used in multimedia applications are Sampling at higher rates more accurately captures the high frequency content of the sound.
Higher sampling rate means higher quality of sound. However, a higher sampling rate occupies greater storage capacity. Conversion from a higher sampling rate to a lower rate is possible. Audio resolution determines the accuracy with which a sound can be digitized. Sound Bit Depth Sampling rate and sound bit depth are the audio equivalent of resolution and colour depth of a graphic image. Bit depth depends on the amount of space in bytes used for storing a given piece of audio information.
Higher the number of bytes higher is the quality of sound. Multimedia sound comes in 8-bit, bit, bit and bit formats. An 8-bit has 28 or possible values. A single bit rate and single sampling rate are recommended throughout the work.
Figure 3. It is Notes comparable to the sample rate but refers to the digital encoding of the sound. It refers specifically to how many digital 1s and 0s are used each second to represent the sound signal. This means the higher the bit rate, the higher the quality and size of your recording. This indicates the amount of compressed data needed to store one second of music. CD tracks are usually stereo, using a left and right track, so the amount of audio data per second is double that of mono, where only a single track is used.
Mono or Stereo Mono sounds are flat and unrealistic compared to stereo sounds, which are much more dynamic and lifelike. However, stereo sound files require twice the storage capacity of mono sound files. Therefore, if storage and transfer are concerns, mono sound files may be the more appropriate choice. Analogue verses Digital There are two types of sound — analogue and digital. Analogue sound is a continuous stream of sound waves. To be understood by the computer, these sound waves must be converted to numbers.
The process of converting analogue sounds into numbers is called digitizing or sound sampling. Analogue sounds that have been converted to numbers are digital sounds. When we are working with digital sound, we call it audio. Therefore, sound that has been converted from analogue to digital is often called digital audio sounds.
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